The main areas of tropical forest are found in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands; the Western Ghats, which fringe the Arabian Sea coastline of peninsular India; and the greater Assam region in the north-east along the Eastern Himalayas. Small remnants of rain forest are found in Orissa state. Tropical rainforests are located in a band around the equator (Zero degrees latitude) in the area between the Tropic of Cancer (23.5° North latitude) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° South latitude).This 3,000 mile (4800 kilometres) wide band is known as the `tropics`.

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The Mudumalai National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary, now also declared a Tiger Reserve, lies on the northwestern side of the Nilgiri Hills (Blue Mountains), in Nilgiri District, about 150 km (93 mi) north-west of Coimbatore in the westernmost part of Tamil Nadu, on the interstate boundaries with Karnataka and Kerala states in South India. Mudumalai, which means `first hills`, is one of the first wildlife sanctuaries established in India.

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Newspapers are made from a type of paper called newsprint. Coniferous softwoods such as spruce, pine, and cedar provide long (average 3mm), strong fibres. Newsprint needs strength enough to withstand the demands of fast printing presses, the ability to accept high quality colour printing and enough opac- ity to prevent the printing showing through the pag- es. In most temperate coniferous forests, evergreen conifers predominate, while some are a mix of coni- fers and broadleaf evergreen trees and/or broadleaf deciduous trees. Temperate evergreen forests are com- mon in the coastal areas of regions that have mild winters and heavy rainfall, or inland in drier climates or mountain areas

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Derived from the Arabic word `mausam`, monsoon implies a seasonal reversal in wind direction. These changes lead to changes in the seasonal distribution of rainfall and temperature. Although the Andaman & Nicobar Islands receive monsoon as early as mid-May, the southwest monsoon enters the subcontinent’s mainland through the Kerala coast. The monsoon then gets divided into two parts: the Arabian Sea branch and the Bay of Bengal branch. It normally reaches Mangalore on the west coast and Vishakhapatnam on the east coast within four days. Both the branches move to reach Mumbai and Kolkata on average between June 10 and 13. The monsoon crosses Varanasi, Ahmedabad and Bhopal by June 15. Agra has to wait for another five days and Delhi by June 29. The two branches merge over Punjab and Himachal. By mid-July the southwest monsoon engulfs the entire subcontinent.

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India’s geography and geology are climatically piv- otal: the Thar Desert in the northwest and the Hima- layas in the north work in tandem to effect a cultur- ally and economically break-all monsoonal regime. As Earth’s highest and most massive mountain range, the Himalayan system bars the influx of frigid ka- tabatic winds from the icy Tibetan Plateau and northerly Central Asia. Most of North India is thus kept warm or is only mildly chilly or cold during winter; the same thermal dam keeps most regions in India hot in summer. Ocean current do not any role in the climate of India.

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Most of the west flowing rivers of Indian peninsula do not form delta. They form estuary. Narmada is one of them. It is so because rocky terrain of the Western Ghats does not allow the rivers to spread out much, and there is not sufficient plain stretch of land between the Arabian sea and Western Ghats for Narmada to slowdown and bifurcate into distributaries. Narmada forms an estuary of 21 km at the Gulf of Khambat. The river is presently partially navigable in the estuary reach around Bharuch but the river has never been a transport artery.

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Zero Hour in Parliament starts at 12 noon during which members raise matters of importance, especially those that cannot be delayed. Zero Hour is the Indian innovation in the field of parliamentary procedures and has been in existence since 1962. However, it does not find mention in the rules of procedure. During zero hour, questions are asked about issues of public importance without prior permission. These questions are usually directed against individual ministers.

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The President has the power to summon and prorogue either House of Parliament or to dissolve Lok Sabha. When the term, dissolution of Parliament is used, it only means the Lok Sabha, the House of the People, the Lower House of Parliament. Parliament comprises the President, Lok Sabha, and Rajya Sabha, the Council of States, the Upper House. The first and third have fixed terms of five and six years respectively, the Lok Sabha has a term of five years but can be dissolved earlier.

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Article 84 of the Constitution lays down the qualifications for membership of Parliament. A person to be qualified for the membership of the Rajya Sabha should be a citizen of India and make and subscribe before some person authorized in that behalf by the Election Commission an oath or affirmation according to the form set out for the purpose in the Third Schedule to the Constitution; and he must be not less than 30 years of age.

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The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body in India. Founded in 1919, the Parliament alone possesses legislative supremacy and thereby ultimate power over all political bodies in India. The Parliament comprises the President of India and the two Houses—Lok Sabha (House of the People) and Rajya Sabha (Council of States).

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