JKSSB JK History MCQs

Explanation

• Statement I is correct: Nishat Bagh (the "Garden of Bliss") was designed by Asif Khan (the brother of Nur Jahan) in 1633. It is famously situated on the eastern bank of Dal Lake, offering a majestic view of the Zabarwan Mountains.

• Statement II is correct: Shalimar Bagh is divided into three terraces. The Pink Pavilion (or Baradari) is located in the second terrace, traditionally the Diwan-i-Aam (Public Audience Hall). The Black Pavilion, made of black marble, is located in the third terrace, the Diwan-i-Khas (Private Audience Hall), which was reserved for the Emperor and his court.

• Statement III is incorrect: Achabal Bagh (the "Place of the Enlightened") was indeed a favorite retreat for the Mughals, particularly Nur Jahan. However, it was historically known as Begumabad, not Sahebabad. The name Sahebabad is associated with Chashme Shahi, which was built around a freshwater spring and dedicated to the eldest son of Shah Jahan, Dara Shikoh (also known as the "Saheb-e-Qiran").

Note: Option A as per provisional Answer Key

Explanation

• I. Folk Theatre Style: Bhand Pather is the most popular traditional folk theatre of Kashmir. It is a satirical, light-hearted combination of drama, dance, and music used to portray social issues and historical events.

• II. The Performer: While "Bhand" refers to the community of traditional entertainers, the specific mention of a single performer mastering multiple disciplines (acting, dancing, and music) highlights the versatile nature of the lead artists, though it is typically a group performance.

• III. Historical References: * The revered Sufi Saint Sheikh Noor-ud-din Noorani (RA), also known as Nund Rishi, referenced these performers in his Shruks (verses) to comment on social conduct.

  • Sir Walter Lawrence, in his famous book The Valley of Kashmir, provided detailed accounts of the Bhands, describing their importance in the cultural fabric of the 19th-century valley.

Explanation

• Statement I is correct: Local tradition and the Rajdarshani (a historical text of Jammu) attribute the original construction of the fort to Raja Bahu Lochan. He is the brother of Raja Jambu Lochan, the founder of Jammu city. It is considered the oldest edifice in the region, dating back approximately 3,000 years.

• Statement II is correct: While the foundations are ancient, the structure we see today was largely reconstructed and strengthened by the Dogra rulers during the 19th century to improve its strategic defenses.

• Statement III is correct: The Bagh-e-Bahu is a famous terraced garden located on the banks of the Tawi River, directly below the fort. It was inspired by the classic Mughal garden style, featuring water channels, stone walkways, and vibrant floral displays.

Explanation

• Gonanda is the legendary first dynasty mentioned in the text.

• The Karkota dynasty marked the peak of Kashmiri power and empire-building.

• The Utpala dynasty followed, shifting focus toward internal stability and the city of Avantipur.

• The Lohara dynasty was the last major Hindu dynasty described in detail by Kalhana, as he finished writing the Rajatarangini around $1148$–$1149$ CE.

Correct Option: I, III, II, IV

Explanation

• Durlabhvardhan → Founder of the Karkota dynasty (early 7th century).

• Lalitaditya Muktapida → Most powerful ruler of Karkota dynasty (8th century).

• Avantivarman → Founder of the Utpala dynasty (9th century).

• Harsha of Kashmir → Later ruler (11th century).

Explanation

• The All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference was founded in 1932.

• It was established by leaders including Sheikh Abdullah and Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas.

• The organisation aimed to represent the political rights of Muslims in Jammu & Kashmir.

Explanation

• The Battle of Shopian (1819) was fought between:

  • Sikh Empire under Maharaja Ranjit Singh

  • Durrani (Afghan) Empire rulers of Kashmir

• The Sikh forces defeated the Afghans, leading to the end of Afghan rule in Kashmir and beginning of Sikh rule.

Explanation

• Bulbul Shah was the first Sufi saint to arrive in Kashmir during the reign of King Suhadeva.

• He played a key role in the introduction and spread of Islam in Kashmir.

• He is also known for influencing Rinchan (Rinchana), who later accepted Islam.

Explanation

• The Fourth Buddhist Council was held during the reign of Kanishka (Kushan dynasty) in Kashmir (Kundalvana).

• It was presided over by Vasumitra, a prominent Buddhist scholar.

• Ashvaghosha is also associated with the council as an important participant.

Explanation

• Statement I – Correct:

  • The original structure Ishrat Mahal was built by Sadiq Khan during Shah Jahan’s reign.

• Statement II – Correct:

  • The shrine is revered for housing the Moi-e-Muqqadas (sacred hair relic of Prophet Muhammad).

• Statement III – Correct:

  • The present white marble Hazratbal Shrine was constructed between 1968–1979 under the J&K Muslim Auqaf Trust.

Explanation

• i. Shams-ud-din Shah Mir — a. Establishment of the Sultanate in Kashmir in 1339 CE (He was the founder of the Shah Mir dynasty).

• ii. Sikandar Butshikan — b. Construction of the magnificent Jama Masjid in Srinagar in 1394 AD (He is also known for commissioned the Martand Sun Temple's destruction).

• iii. Yusuf Shah Chak — c. The last Independent ruler of Kashmir (He was defeated by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1586).

Explanation

Arrange the travellers by the time of their visit to Kashmir:

• I. Ou-Kong – visited around 759–763 CE.

• II. Marco Polo – travelled in the region during the 13th century (c. 1270s–1290s).

• III. Francois Bernier – visited during the Mughal period (1660s).

• IV. Godfrey Vigne – visited in the 1830s.

Chronological Order

I → II → III → IV

✅ Final Answer: I, II, III, IV.

Explanation

Match the authors with their works:

1. Diwan Kirpa Ram → Gulabnama → b

2. Abhinavagupta → Tantraloka → d

3. Jonaraja → Dvitiya Rajatarangini → c

4. Kalhana → Rajatarangini → a

✅ Correct Match:
i – b, ii – d, iii – c, iv – a.

Explanation

First recall the dates of each event related to the history of Jammu and Kashmir:

• IV. Coronation of Gulab Singh as Raja of Jammu by Maharaja Ranjit Singh → 1822

• I. Treaty of Lahore → 9 March 1846

• II. Treaty of Amritsar → 16 March 1846

• III. Accession of Maharaja Pratap Singh → 1885

Chronological Order

IV → I → II → III

✅ Final Answer: IV, I, II, III.

Explanation

• Statement I: Incorrect. While the temple is a historic cave temple located near Jammu city (on the banks of the Tawi River), it was not constructed by Maharaja Gulab Singh. It was actually built during the reign of Raja Ajaib Dev in the 15th century.

• Statement II: Correct. The temple features a naturally formed Shiva Lingam situated inside a small, narrow cave. This lingam is placed upon a white marble rectangular platform, which is a distinct architectural feature of the inner sanctum.

• Statement III: Correct. Peer Kho is widely known as Jamavant Guffa. Local folklore and religious tradition hold that Jamavant, the "bear hero" and a prominent character from the Ramayana, meditated in this very cave.

Explanation

✅ Correct Answer: C) Baharistan-i-Shahi

The Baharistan-i-Shahi is a Persian chronicle that records the medieval history of Kashmir, especially events during the 15th–17th centuries.

Why the others are incorrect:

• Rajatarangini – A Sanskrit historical chronicle of Kashmir written by Kalhana.

• Nilamata Purana – An ancient religious and cultural text about early Kashmir.

• Rajadarshani – Not a well-known Persian chronicle of Kashmir history.

✔ Therefore, the Persian chronicle recording medieval Kashmir history is Baharistan-i-Shahi.

Explanation

The correct answer is:

✅ Rangrez was a hereditary dyeing community patronised during the Mughal period, and Namda is a felted wool floor covering associated with Sufi symbolism.

Explanation:

• Rangrez refers to a traditional community of dyers in Kashmir, historically patronised especially during the Mughal period, known for textile dyeing skills.

• Namda is a felted wool floor covering, distinct from knotted carpets, often carrying Sufi-inspired motifs and symbolism, and deeply rooted in Kashmiri cultural life.

The other options incorrectly associate Rangrez and Namda with unrelated art forms or periods.

✔️ Hence, option 2 correctly explains their historical-cultural significance.

Explanation

Explanation

The Hari Parbat fort was built by Atta Mohammed Khan. 

Explanation

Shakti Karan is believed to have invented the Dogri script.

Explanation

Leh Palace is known as Lhachen Palkhar.

Explanation

Jammu has historically been the seat of the Dogra dynasty.

Explanation

Bag-e-Bahu Fort, built by Raja Bahulochan, is one of the oldest forts in Jammu.

Explanation

The first full-fledged High Court of Judicature for Jammu and Kashmir was established in the year 1928.

It was formally created by Order No. 1 issued by Maharaja Hari Singh on March 26, 1928.

Key Historical Details:

• Initial Composition: The court initially consisted of a Chief Justice and two puisne (junior) judges.

• First Appointments: Lala Kanwar Sain was appointed as the first Chief Justice. The two other founding judges were Lala Bodh Raj Sawhney and Khan Sahib Aga Syed Hussain.

• Dual Seats: To accommodate the seasonal capitals of the state, the High Court functioned from both Jammu (winter) and Srinagar (summer).

• Letters Patent: On September 10, 1943, the Maharaja granted "Letters Patent" to the High Court, which further formalized its legal standing and authority.

• Evolution: Prior to 1928, the Maharaja was the final authority for the administration of justice. The creation of the High Court marked the beginning of a modern, independent judicial system in the region.

Explanation

Rasul Mir is credited with formally introducing the ghazal into Kashmiri poetry and is often considered a pioneering figure.

Explanation

The Martand Sun Temple was built under the reign of King Lalitaditya Muktapida of the Karkota dynasty.

Explanation

The Chak ruler Yousuf Shah Chak is credited with renaming Gaurimarg to Gulmarg in the 16th century.

Explanation

Ram Nath Shastri is widely regarded as a pioneering figure in Dogri literature, often called the father of modern Dogri.

Explanation

Hari Singh became the ruler in 1925.

Explanation

Instrument of Accession of Jammu & Kashmir signed on 26 October 1947.