JKSSB Polity MCQs

Explanation

I. All UN Members are part of the General Assembly

✅ Correct

• Every member state of the UN is automatically a member of the United Nations General Assembly.

II. States are admitted to membership by the decision of the General Assembly on the recommendations of the Security Council.

✅ Correct

• According to the UN Charter, a country can become a member only when the United Nations Security Council recommends it and the General Assembly approves it.

III. Members have the voting rights proportional to their financial contributions only.

❌ Incorrect

• In the General Assembly, each member state has one vote, regardless of population or financial contribution.

Explanation

I. Article 343 of the Indian Constitution designates Hindi in the Devanagari script as the official language of the Union.

✅ Correct

• Article 343 states that Hindi in the Devanagari script shall be the official language of the Union.

• It also provides for the continued use of English for official purposes for a specified period (later extended by law).

II. According to Article 350-B of the Indian Constitution, a special officer for Linguistic Minorities is appointed by the President of India.

✅ Correct

• Article 350B provides that the President appoints a Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities.

• The officer investigates matters related to safeguards for linguistic minorities and reports to the President.

Explanation

• Statement I is INCORRECT: Despite persistent demands, Rajasthani is not currently included in the Eighth Schedule. Similarly, English and Bhojpuri are also not among the 22 scheduled languages.

• Statement II is INCORRECT: The languages Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali (often remembered by the acronym BDMS) were added by the 92nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003.

  • The 71st Amendment (1992) added Konkani, Manipuri, and Nepali (KMN).

Explanation

I. Nominated members of the Rajya Sabha do not participate in the election of the President, but participate in the impeachment process.

✅ Correct

• Only elected members of both Houses of Parliament and elected MLAs vote in the Presidential election.

• Nominated members of the Rajya Sabha do not vote in the Presidential election, but they can participate in impeachment proceedings.

II. Elected members of the State Legislative Councils also vote in the Election of the President, if the state has a bicameral legislature.

❌ Incorrect

• Only elected members of the State Legislative Assembly vote.

• Members of the Legislative Council (MLCs) do not participate.

III. According to Article 55(3) of the Indian Constitution, the Presidential Election is conducted by the secret ballot.

✅ Correct

• The election is conducted by proportional representation using the single transferable vote and secret ballot under Article 55.

IV. The value of each MLA's vote is the same across all states to ensure the principle of "One member, One vote".

❌ Incorrect

• The value of an MLA's vote differs from state to state, depending on the population of the state (based on the 1971 census formula).

Explanation

The Election Commission of India has the final authority to allot election symbols to political parties and resolve disputes between rival factions claiming the same symbol.

This power comes under the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order 1968, issued by the Election Commission under the Article 324 of the Constitution of India.

Key Functions

• Allots reserved symbols to recognized national and state parties.

• Allots free symbols to independent candidates and unrecognized parties.

• Decides symbol disputes when a party splits (e.g., rival factions claim the same party symbol).

Explanation

I. Conduct of elections of President and Vice President — Representation of the People Act, 1950

❌ Incorrect

• Elections of the President and Vice-President are governed by the Presidential and Vice-Presidential Elections Act 1952, not the Representation of the People Act 1950.

II. Disqualifications for contesting elections — Representation of the People Act, 1951

✅ Correct

• The Representation of the People Act 1951 specifies qualifications, disqualifications, and the conduct of elections.

III. Lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years — 61st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1988

✅ Correct

• The Constitution (Sixty-first Amendment) Act 1988 amended Article 326 to reduce the voting age.

✅ Correctly matched pairs: II and III.

Explanation

• Statement I is INCORRECT: In an Indirect democracy, people do not vote on every legislation; instead, they elect representatives who make laws on their behalf. Voting on every piece of legislation is a feature of Direct democracy.

• Statement II is CORRECT: Direct democracy relies on four main instruments:

  1. Initiative: Citizens can propose a law.

  2. Recall: Citizens can remove an elected official before their term expires.

  3. Referendum: A proposed law is referred to the people for a vote.

  4. Plebiscite: A direct vote of the people on a matter of national importance (like territorial disputes).

• Statement III is CORRECT: At the local level in India, the Gram Sabha consists of all adult residents of a village. Since they meet directly to discuss and decide on local issues rather than acting through intermediaries, it is a primary example of direct democratic functioning.

• Statement IV is INCORRECT: Indirect democracy is known as Representative democracy. Direct democracy is often called Pure democracy.

Explanation

• Statement I is INCORRECT: Fundamental Duties were not part of the original Constitution. They were added later by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, based on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee. Initially, there were 10 duties; the 11th was added by the 86th Amendment in 2002.

• Statement II is INCORRECT: Fundamental Duties are non-justiciable. Unlike Fundamental Rights, they cannot be directly enforced through writs (like Habeas Corpus or Mandamus) in the Supreme Court or High Courts. However, Parliament can provide for their imposition through specific legislation (e.g., the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act).

• Statement III is CORRECT: Article 51A (h) specifically states that it is the duty of every citizen "to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform."

Explanation

The correct answer is C) 86th Amendment Act.

The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act (2002)

This amendment was a landmark in the Indian education system, as it made education a legal right for children. It made changes in three specific areas of the Constitution:

• Fundamental Rights: It inserted Article 21A, which declares that the State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children between the ages of 6 and 14 years.

• Directive Principles (DPSP): It changed the subject matter of Article 45, urging the State to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years.

• Fundamental Duties: It added a new fundamental duty under Article 51A (k), making it the responsibility of every parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to their child or ward between the ages of 6 and 14 years.

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

The correct answer is:

✅ C) Article 19

The right to move freely throughout the territory of India is guaranteed under Article 19(1)(d) of the Indian Constitution.

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Sansad Bhavan replaces the colonial-era Parliament House and is part of the Central Vista Redevelopment Project in New Delhi 

Explanation

Autocracy is a system of government in which a single person holds absolute power and authority over the state.

Explanation

Article 14 of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Equality before the law and equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.

Explanation

Explanation

Both statements are correct; Article 370 gave J&K special status with its own constitution.

Explanation

The RTI Act came into force in Jammu & Kashmir in 2009.

Explanation

Statements I and IV are not correct; AG is not fixed tenure and qualifications differ.

Explanation

Explanation

Statements I and III are correct. Socialist and Secular were added by the 42nd Amendment, not the 44th.

Explanation

Fundamental Duties include respect for the Constitution, National Flag, Anthem, developing scientific temper, and protecting wildlife. Respect for Government is not a Fundamental Duty.

Explanation

Quorum means minimum number of members required to conduct proceedings.

Explanation

High Court Judge submits resignation to Governor.

Explanation

If not returned within 14 days, Money Bill is deemed passed.

Explanation

Article 137 gives Supreme Court power to review judgments.

Explanation

Article 30 gives minorities right to establish educational institutions.

Explanation

Article 327 empowers Parliament for elections to legislatures.